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History and the
monetary business of the antique cities of Tauria
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Kerkinitida - is the
earliest of the ancient city of the North-West Taurika. It appeared
on the border of VI - V BC and was located on the place of the modern
city Evpatoria. It is unknown by the emigrants of what Greek police
Kerkinitida was founded. There are two hypotheses. According to
one version the city was founded by Dorians (Herakleia Pontika),
to the other - by the unknown Ionian city-state.
Up to the middle of IV BC the city was a small independent city
-state and later it became a member of Chersonessos city-state.
In II BC it was captured by the Skyths. During the second campaign
of Diophantus (the end of II BC) Kerkinitida was taken after the
siege and returned to Chersonessos. According to the archeological
finds it was ascertained that life in the city ended on the border
of II - III AD.
In the second half of V BC Kerkinitida, by analogy with Olbia, issued
the primitive cast coins in the form of arrows and fish which replaced
the state cast coins - Kerkinitida's "ass". In IV - III BC the city
minted its own copper coin with its name on it. The inclusion of
Kirkinitida in a structure of the state of Chersonessos had some
sad consequences for the city - it ceased its existence as a city-state,
stopped minting coins, appeared in a condition of a manufacturing
appendage.
Chersonessos -
is an antique city on the territory of the South-West Taurika, within
the precincts of the modern cities Sevastopol. It was founded in
V BC by the settlers from Herakleia Pontika, the only Dorian colony
in the Northern Black Sea Coast.
Up to the middle of IV BC it remained a small city. Then the expansion
of Chersonessos to the fertile flat regions of the North-West Crimea
began. It was accompanied by the subordination of Kerkinitida and
the creation of numerous fortifications of Chersonessos. The formation
of the Skyth's state in the Crimea in III BC resulted in aggravation
of the relations between Skyths and Chersonessos. The interference
of Mithradates VI Eupator saved Chersonessos from the Skyth's rout
but the city was included in a mandatory power of Pontos of Mithradates.
After the death of Mithradates (63 year BC) Chersonessos was in
political and economic dependence on the Bosporos state. From the
second half of I AD there was a Roman garrison in the city. After
the division of the Roman Empire into two parts in the end of IV
AD Chersonessos came into a sphere of influence of the Eastern Roman
empire. Unlike the many other Greek cities of the North Pontos,
Chersonessos did not lost on the border between the antiquity and
the Middle ages. The beginning of the caulking of Chersonessos dated
from IV BC. Later on Chersonessos issued silver and copper coins
circulating in the internal market. From I BC the coins from Pontos,
Paphlagonia and Bosporos started to take part in money circulation
of Chersonessos, and in I - II AD the inflow of Roman coins grew
in momentum . In the end of III AD the antique Chersonessos ceased
the caulking of its own coins.
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